Cicada COVID Variant Shows Signs of Spread After Dormancy; Infections Detected in Japan, Scale Unclear

The COVID-19 variant 'BA.3.2' has been reported in several countries, signaling signs of further spread. Due to its characteristic of re-emerging after a prolonged latent period, this variant has also been nicknamed "Cicada" (Cicada·maemi).

According to Japan's Nihon Keizai Shimbun on April 16, Cicada was first reported in South Africa in November 2024 and has since spread to more than 33 countries worldwide.

Cases of Cicada infection began to increase in September of last year, and its spread has become pronounced this year. Cicada was detected in specimens collected in the United States between late last year and early this year, and infection cases were also reported in samples from medical institutions in Tokyo in January. However, in Japan, COVID-19 is classified as a "Category 5 infectious disease," so large-scale testing is not being conducted, making it difficult to determine the exact scale of infection.

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According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cicada was found in 23 countries as of February this year, but had spread to more than 33 countries by April, just two months later. It has been reported that Cicada has more than 70 genetic mutations compared to the previously prevalent JN.1 lineage. As a result, concerns have been raised that existing immunity or vaccine efficacy may be partially reduced. Kei Sato, a professor at the University of Tokyo, also pointed out that "there is a possibility that antibodies induced by vaccines may not be sufficiently effective."

Experts have noted the possibility that this variant remained latent for an extended period, accumulated various mutations, and then re-emerged. The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated Cicada as a variant under monitoring, but so far, there is no clear evidence of increased severity or mortality.

The WHO does not believe that Cicada is likely to trigger a large-scale pandemic similar to those in the past. However, since the possibility of further mutations in the future cannot be ruled out, the organization advises that elderly individuals and those with underlying health conditions should exercise caution.

Meanwhile, basic personal hygiene practices remain important for COVID-19 prevention. When washing hands, it is recommended to scrub thoroughly with soap for at least 30 seconds, covering the palms, backs of the hands, between the fingers, and under the nails. Maintaining practices such as indoor ventilation and disinfection is also advised, and using hand sanitizer during outdoor activities can be helpful.

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